ABSTRACT
Antioxidant and gastroprotective activities of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata leaves in rats have been reported. Sprague Dawley rats, 6 per group were used and rats in groups 1 to 6 were pretreated with (0.25% w/v) carboxymethyl cellulose (negative control, 5 ml/kg), 20 mg/kg omeprazole (positive control), (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) of aqueous leaf extracts (APLAE) and (250 and 500 mg/kg) of ethanol leaf extracts (APLEE) respectively. Animals were orally administered with 95% ethanol (5 ml/kg) 60 min after their pretreatments. Rats were sacrificed 1 h after treatment and gastric contents were collected to measure pH and mucous weight. Stomach was analyzed for gross and histological changes. Ulcer control group showed extensive lesions of gastric mucosal layer, whereas rats pretreated with omeprazole, 250 and 500 mg/kg of APLAE showed significant and dose dependent reduction in gastric lesions with increased pH and mucus content of stomach. Rats pretreated with 250 or 500 mg/kg of APLEE showed significantly better inhibition of gastric mucosal lesions. Further, the in vitro antioxidant studies using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay showed that ethanol extracts have superior free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value = 10.9 than aqueous extracts with IC50 value = 24.65. Results of this study showed that pretreatment with ethonolic extract of A. paniculata ethanolic provided significant protection against gastric ulcer by regulating of pH, mucous production and antioxidant property.
ABSTRACT
Augmentation of the alveolar bone is widely used in implant treatment to create predictable function and esthetics in areas with inadequate bone volume. This can be achieved by various techniques including hard tissue onlays, bone grafts, membrane techniques, bone distraction and bone expansion. The objective of this article is to discuss recent observations of the various bone grafts and bone substitutes, guided bone regeneration, combination techniques, as well as ridge preservation techniques. Despite the increase in the number of procedures that require bone grafts, there has not been a single ideal bone graft substitute. An attempt is made to review the existing bone grafts, and the developments in tissue engineering that may bring biologic alternatives to enhance the functional capabilities of the bone graft substitutes
Subject(s)
Humans , Alveolar Process , Bone Regeneration , Bone Transplantation , Transplantation, Homologous , Transplantation, Heterologous , Bone Substitutes , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins , Transforming Growth Factors , Platelet-Derived Growth Factor , Platelet-Rich Plasma , Calcium Sulfate , Glass , Calcium Phosphates , Durapatite , Transplantation, AutologousABSTRACT
Oral health status is an integral component of a general health and well-being of an individual. Knowledge about the link between periodontal disease and systemic diseases are growing rapidly. Increasing evidence is available from many investigators to indicate periodontitis as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, low birth weight infants and pulmonary diseases. Both epidemiologists and researchers in oral microbiology have contributed significantly to the new paradigm of periodontal disease. Although additional studies are needed to determine the mechanisms by which such associations exist; available research clearly demonstrates that oral diseases and conditions are not only markers for underlying health problems, but also important determinants influencing the development and management of adverse chronic health conditions. Physicians and dentists should be aware of this link and provide treatment that will greatly benefit the patients. A review of the relationship between periodontal infections and its possible impact on systemic diseases is discussed
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Risk Factors , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Diabetes Mellitus/etiology , Lung Diseases/etiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/etiology , Osteoporosis/etiology , Pregnancy OutcomeABSTRACT
La isquemia intestinal crónica es un cuadro poco frecuente que se encuentra asociado a una alta morbilidad y mortalidad. La causa más frecuente es la arterioesclerosis. Los pacientes sufren de dolor abdominal periumbilical o en epigastrio, que aparece de 10 a 30 minutos luego de la ingestión de alimentos. Presentamos un caso de isquemia intestinal crónica diagnosticado por colonoscopia con biopsias. Se practicó arteriografía que mostró estenosis de la arteria mesentérica superior y se trató con angioplastia percutánea e implante de stent. El paciente presentó completa mejoría clínica y endoscópica. Se comentan los hallazgos clínicos, endoscópicos, radiológicos y el procedimiento terapéutico. Creemos que el tratamiento con arteriografía, angioplastia y colocación de stent es una alternativa que puede mejorar los resultados clínicos disminuyendo la morbimortalidad en esta patología.
Chronic mesenteric arterial ischemia is an uncommon condition associated with a high morbidity and mortality. It is most commonly caused by atherosclerotic occlusive disease. Patients may suffer epigastric or periumbilical post prandial pain, ten to thirty minutes after eating. A case of chronic mesenteric ischemia is presented due to superior mesenteric artery stenosis. The diagnosis was performed with colonoscopy and biopsy. We present a case report of a patient with chronic mesenteric ischemia. Mesenteric arteriography was performed and documented estenosis of the mesenteric superior artery. Then, percutaneus arteriography with angioplasty and implant of stent was performed. The patient became completely asymptomatic and normal colon mucosa is observed in a control colonoscopy. The purpose of this report is to present the case, endoscopic, clinic and radiological features and to describe the percutaneous angioplasty and implant of stent.We believe that angioplasty treatment offers an improvement in this pathology with a low complication rate, and increasing patient confort degree.